[讨论] 关于shanghai含义的历史索隐?

设立这个题目,看似无心其实有意。
本来想让点木匠展示一下做学问的“基本功”,结果出俺意料~~

这里就不直接批评了,先立一个评分标准,看看你如何为自己打分吧。如果觉得“羞愧”,不妨继续做题,在本帖中延续,自然水涨船高,令大家受益。

评分标准(自拟):

D:网上搜索找出——“维基百科或百度”的中英文版本答案,并加以核对减少谬误;

C:网上或图书馆中查询找出——“中外学者”涉及此论的相关答案,并附有文献佐证;

B:在上述资料的基础上,运用历史文献进行“考证或推理”,以得出比较合理的解释;

A:将上述成果独立赋予论文或其它形式的“学术或艺术作品”,提供发表(或网上发布)。

附加题:A+:推理找出“此题”与“ID幕后本人”的信息关联度?

期待点木匠一展身手,让老木匠扬眉吐气~~~~

PS 此帖,请版主勿删(不要视为水帖),一周后,当有相关内容的补充。
D:
    在英語,小寫的shanghai為一個動詞,與大寫的Shanghai(上海市)不同,一個人若被以欺騙、脅迫、暴力相向而到船上做工則稱為被shanghai了(即shanghaied),直到1915年,此非自主勞務現象一直廣泛存在於美國的船。
    ——http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai

    (与卖“猪仔”有关)
本帖最后由 ys1937 于 2009-12-15 17:58 编辑

D、
    “上海”因位于松江(吴淞江)下游支流“上海浦”而得名。
    ——http://baike.baidu.com/view/1735.htm

    (由地名而得)
我顶一下天兄,此帖可以引起一场很好的讨论,不是水贴,胜过水贴,等着天兄的下文,也鼓动所有不想做“诓骗人”的上海人参加这场讨论。
今天,我就是高瑜
余秋雨,上海人的代表,鄙视!
这位何堪同学,说余熏风斋主是上海人的代表,这是要托一下下巴的。
今天,我就是高瑜
余秋雨,上海人的代表,鄙视!
何堪 发表于 2009-12-15 23:19
**
    你可以鄙视余含泪,但不能鄙视上海人。
    我不是上海人,虽然,据说,有可能“变”成上海人,但是,我不喜欢这种变。
    其次,“上海人”这个概念本身就是一种模糊的概念,没有一个严格的定义,要在上海住过几代人才算正宗上海人?而现在的“上海人”,如果查他们的祖宗,那么,百分之九十五以上可以查到外地迁来的谱系。
    上海有余含泪,说得再严重些,还有王反造(王令司)、张眼镜、姚文痞,但是,他们不能代表上海人,正如曾剃头不能代表湖南人一样。
D:
    在英語,小寫的shanghai為一個動詞,與大寫的Shanghai(上海市)不同,一個人若被以欺騙、脅迫、暴力相向而到船上做工則稱為被shanghai了(即shanghaied),直到1915年,此非自主勞務現象一直廣泛存在於美國 ...

(与卖“猪仔”有关)
ys1937 发表于 2009-12-15 17:50
Y兄读字典不认真,这个词的含义历史上基本在美国西部几个港口城市发生,而“猪仔”现象在中国港口城市——澳门香港一带产生。两者地缘不同。

并且,考察字源当从1842年《南京条约》起,到1850-60年间该词被收入英文字典为止。
6# 自觉的梦游人

上海本是多元文化的产地,余秋雨现象的确应归入上海文化的代表之一——属于现阶段官僚文化的产物。

从起源上说,上海文化的诞生源于“西方殖民”与“大陆移民”(外省市籍)的人文交流。
设立这个题目,看似无心其实有意。
本来想让点木匠展示一下做学问的“基本功”,结果出俺意料~~

这里就不直接批评了,先立一个评分标准,看看你如何为自己打分吧。如果觉得“羞愧”,不妨继续做题,在 ...
天边外 发表于 2009-12-15 16:05
实在抱歉,天边外老师谬爱了。

这段历史于他人,于中国,于世界也许非常有意义,但弟不感兴趣。

BC1600前的历史还略有兴趣。

弟的视野不宽,遑论基本功了。

如果一定要考证,最近的春哥还有意思的,不过天边外老师就未必有兴趣了。

找了两张图,供大家一笑。




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好好学习木匠,刨花天天向上
天兄,不必像法官一样审判每一个跟贴,弄点货色出来,让大家看看你天兄除了装扮法官,还是有两把刷子(不是马桶刷)的。
今天,我就是高瑜
实在抱歉,天边外老师谬爱了。

这段历史于他人,于中国,于世界也许非常有意义,但弟不感兴趣。

BC1600前的历史还略有兴趣。

弟的视野不宽,遑论基本功了。

如果一定要考证,最近的春哥还有意思的, ...
.老木匠 发表于 2009-12-16 18:04
点木匠童鞋这样开溜就没趣味了,一台戏还没开幕就成了独角戏,多没意思啊。

再说,这个帖子的水究竟有多深,还得看A水准的结果是否可达?如果仅仅是网上搜索找资料,充其量是玩点小聪明而已。要玩ID出名的机会自然可以放到天涯上去显摆~~~

可惜,在历史与文学的灵感上,在寻找“上海的名字”这种题目面前,我们要等待的是博尔赫斯与艾柯的身手吗!!!叹一声——杯具啊!
下面给出网上一个纯英文的答案,属于C级水准,缺少一点文献与推理的东西。

Stupid Question ™
Oct. 3, 2002
By John Ruch
© 2002

Q: Were drunken sailors ever really “shanghaied” into forced service on ship? Were they paid? Why didn’t they mutiny?
—Gordon Pym

A: For most of history, sailing was so awful—extreme danger, horrible abuse, wretched food and quarters—that almost no one did it willingly.

            Unfortunately, European law from the Middle Ages up to the 1800s allowed for men to be virtually enslaved to businesses and the military. Financial slavery was the most common form: by not paying sailors until the voyage’s end, and forcing them to “borrow” money to buy necessities, captains kept their crews in debt and thus in servitude.

            “Impressment” was the military version. “Press gangs” of thugs intimidated men on the street into joining the military. The British navy’s impressment of American sailors was a major justification for the War of 1812.

            As impressments waned, shanghaiing began, with its glory days running from about 1850 to 1920.

            Kidnappers known as “crimps” could earn $30 or more per head for providing men (sailors or not) for merchant ship crews. The practice was so called because many West Coast ships indeed headed for Shanghai in the booming days of the Asian trade; plus, it sounded remote. (East Coast victims were more likely to wind up on a local oyster boat.)

            Crimps of both sexes and all ethnicities ran saloons, casinos, boarding houses and similar businesses that provided lots of victims. Typically, shanghaiing involved drugging (usually with opium-laced liquor) and/or cold-cocking the victim before dragging him onto a ship, where he would wake up too late.

            Portland, Oregon and San Francisco were the shanghai capitals of the US. Portland has a network of tunnels form the period that were used, in part, to transport shanghaied victims to ships from trapdoors in saloon floors. (There’s now a tunnel tour that exaggerates the lurid aspects.)

            Portland crimp Jim Turk reportedly shanghaied his own son, while Joseph “Bunco” Kelly infamously shanghaied 24 men he found dying after they drank formaldehyde; most were already dead when he shipped them.

            San Francisco boasted James “Shanghai” Kelly, the “King of the Crimps,” who reportedly staged an open party with free (opium-laced) booze, thus shanghaiing 100 sailors. Super-crimp James Laflin, who bought victims from other crimps, actually kept an account book. It shows that in only four years of his 50-year career, he bought and sold more than 6,000 men.

            Despite the scale and infamy of this hideous business, corrupt politicians looked the other way. (Some crimps even became California state legislators.) Meanwhile, naïve and desperate men continued to flood the waterfronts.

            Shanghaied men usually served at least a year aboard ship. They might then be paid. Or they might be handed back to a crimp for a cut of the profit.

            Shanghaiing indeed generated desertions and mutinies galore, though many of them were stopped by violence. The law generally favored the captain, not the crew.

            Unions and federal legislation attacked shanghaiing, but most historians of the subject agree it was killed mostly by the rise of the steamship, which required a specially trained crew.
历史文献:

1842年签订的《南京条约》中出现的中英文名字——上海,Shanghai

中文摘录:

二、自今以后,大皇帝恩准英国人民带同所属家眷,寄居大清沿海之广州、福州、厦门、宁波、上海等五处港口,贸易通商无碍;且大英国君主派设领事、管事等官住该五处城邑,专理商贾事宜,与各该地方官公文往来;令英人按照下条开叙之列,清楚交纳货税、钞饷等费。

英文对照:
ARTICLE II.
  His Majesty the Emperor of China agrees that British Subjects, with their families and establishments, shall be allowed to reside, for the purpose of carrying on their Mercantile pursuits, without molestation or restraint at the Cities and Towns of Canton, Amoy, Foochow-fu, Ningpo, and Shanghai, and Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, etc., will appoint Superintendents or Consular Officers, to reside at each of the above-named Cities or Towns, to be the medium of communication between the Chinese Authorities and the said Merchants, and to see that the just Duties and other Dues of the Chinese Government is hereafter provided for, are duly discharged by Her Britannic Majesty's Subjects.
按照维基百科说法,to shanghai 这个词汇被收入词典的时间为1850年间。

The verb "to shanghai"

The verb "to shanghai" joined the lexicon with "crimping" and "sailor thieves" in the 1850s.[15] The most widely accepted theory of the word's origin is that it comes from the Chinese city of Shanghai, a common destination of the ships with abducted crews.[1][15] The term has since expanded to mean "kidnapped" or "induced to do something by means of fraud."[16]
shanghai的说法,还与几个著名的“人贩子的绰号”相关联:

Notable crimps

Jim "Shanghai" Kelly of San Francisco[11]
Johnny "Shanghai Chicken" Devine of San Francisco[11]
Joseph "Bunco" Kelly of Portland[11]
从口语到成为报刊书面语,包括美国海事管理法规中的用语,也在1860年同期。

见英文维基百科的附录。
需要推理与挖掘的资料:

1,什么时候中文史料中首次出现了“上海”与“shanghai”关于这方面的英文释义(指非地名的解释)?

2,在美国西部港口城市中“被shanghai”的水手里,有没有早期“华工”的身份?

3,在那些人贩子的“记账册”(英文解释中介绍有过)中,能否查阅到相关信息?
**
    你可以鄙视余含泪,但不能鄙视上海人。
    我不是上海人,虽然,据说,有可能“变”成上海人,但是,我不喜欢这种变。
    其次,“上海人”这个概念本身就是一种模糊的概念,没有一个严格的定义,要 ...
ys1937 发表于 2009-12-16 08:18
老前辈所言极是!
大树就是个广济寺旁穷扫地的.
天兄,不必像法官一样审判每一个跟贴,弄点货色出来,让大家看看你天兄除了装扮法官,还是有两把刷子(不是马桶刷)的。
自觉的梦游人 发表于 2009-12-16 19:36
天边外小心,这个跟帖有古怪。
大树就是个广济寺旁穷扫地的.
点木匠童鞋这样开溜就没趣味了,一台戏还没开幕就成了独角戏,多没意思啊。

再说,这个帖子的水究竟有多深,还得看A水准的结果是否可达?如果仅仅是网上搜索找资料,充其量是玩点小聪明而已。要玩ID出名的机会 ...
天边外 发表于 2009-12-16 21:00
给脸不要脸的东西
你的那点英文是你自己写的?还不是网上搜索来的。
我玩.老木匠,关你什么事。
不爽,直接说。
叽叽歪歪。
好好学习木匠,刨花天天向上
老木匠恼羞成怒了。真没意思~

余含泪他不是一个人,他是上海人的“骄傲”!人模狗样、自欺欺人、半瓶醋、一脑袋糨糊~~~~
何堪同学,我决定再提醒你一次,请不要带着对地区的偏见来讨论。
今天,我就是高瑜
21# .老木匠

好像你没读懂话意——说网上找资讯属于“小聪明”的手段,这是泛指,彼此彼此。功底要看最后的“成果”。

你何必生恼?

回大树:此地管理“居心不良”,早已领教过。呵呵。